PISO Framework: Platform for intelligence on Operational Systems

17 Apr 2026

The Floor That Thinks: Why OT Infrastructure Determines the Future of Mining Intelligence

PISO Framework

A technical deep-dive into the PISO Framework — the four conditions that must be active before any AI project in mining can sustain its value*

In 2025, NTT DATA and MIT Technology Review surveyed 25 senior executives from 14 of the largest mining companies in Chile, Brazil, Peru, and Mexico. Their finding was striking: 72% of autonomy and AI projects in the sector were delivering only partial results. The #1 barrier was not technology. It was not budget. It was the structural gap between what the operation’s technological floor can support and what the AI layer above it demands.

This whitepaper introduces the PISO Framework — Platform for Intelligence on Operational Systems — developed by NTT DATA’s Mining & Resources practice as part of its Mining Autonomy Operating Model. PISO is the first pillar of that model: the answer to the question the industry has not been asking precisely enough. Before choosing a vendor, before deploying a model, before scaling an autonomous haulage system — is the operational floor actually ready to sustain what is being built on top of it? PISO defines four codependent layers — Operational Terrain, Decision Architecture, OT Arsenal, and Government in Motion — and explains why activating them in the right sequence is the condition that separates the 28% of projects that succeed from the 72% that do not.

Download the PISO framework Whitepaper

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